Can sound either like "h" as in "help" or like "ch" in Scottish "loch".

Sounds similar to "d" as in "dog", but voiceless. Strictly speaking, it is more like the unaspirated "t" in words like "stop".

Sounds like "t" as in "time".

Sounds similar to "oo" as in "foot" or "u" as in "sung", but slightly different.

Sounds similar to "ow" as in "how now brown cow".

Single-syllable audio courtesy of the AllSet Learning Chinese Pronunciation Wiki, used with permission.

HSK word audio courtesy of Audio-cmn. (CC BY-SA 3.0)